Bungalow-Go

Role: Research, Design, & Prototyping
Duration: 13 week (January - April 2023)
Tools: Figma, Figjam, Discord, and Zoom

Goal- Directed Design (GDD)

Goal-Directed Design (GDD) is a software design process that is based on research. It also analyzes how users react to a new or changed product, service, or system.

In our website process, we implemented the five phases from the Goal-Directed Design for our website which are Research, Modeling, Requirements, Framework, and Refinement.

Introduction

Bungalow-go is my Capstone project for my interaction design degree. We used Goal-Directed Design (GDD) method in order to design our prototype. With the help of  About Face: The Essentials of Interaction Design (4th Edition) by Alan Cooper, Robert Reimann, David Cronin, and Christopher Noessel, we were able to understand the Goal-Directed Design phase. Goal-Directed Design is broken into this phases: Research, Modeling, Requirements, Framework, and Refinement. Also, the capstone project provides me the opportunity to show what I have learned over the four years of my undergraduate and to showcase my skills.

The Phases of the Goal-Directed Design (GDD)

Meet the Team

For this project the team consisted of four members;
Nifesimi Adebanwo
Team member
Researcher/Designer
Kenric Kalpen
Team leader
Researcher/Designer
Lauren DeLoach
Team member
Researcher/Designer
Ayo Fagbamiye
Team member
Researcher/Designer

Research

The research phase of Goal- Directed Design (GDD) is a users and the domain, and it helps to bring a gap between the users and developer. In the research phase, we gathered a lot of information about what we wanted to put on our website, and then we got together to select what we wanted. Our research phase includes Kickoff Meetings, Literature Review, Competitive Audit, Persona Hypothesis, and Reference/Misc. Images, and User Interviews.

Kickoff Meeting

A kickoff meeting is the first meeting of a project, with stakeholders, team members, and project managers to talk about the project's objectives, subject matter, and timelines. This meeting helped to ensure everyone has a shared understanding of the project goals and outcomes and sets the stage for effective communication and collaboration throughout the projects.  Since this was a class project we did not have stakeholders, instead we did an assumption worksheet provided by our professor.

Our Problem Statement:

The current state of Bungalow-Go has primarily focused on short-term rentals of houses and hostel spaces. What the existing products fail to address is the safety of consumers and the validity of the rentals that are made available through their product. Our product will address these concerns by verifying the owners of postings and the listings they create.

Literature Review

A literature review is an analysis of previously existing research on a topic. It involves searching and fully evaluating articles, books, websites, and other sources to identify ideas, features, and strengths. The purpose of a literature review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing research and to offer insights into the abstract and practical implications of the findings. It is an essential part of academic research and is used to build a foundation for further research projects. For our literature review we used the Kennesaw State University database (Library System) website to gathered some articles related to our product.

Our research

Competitive Audit

Our competitive audit is a thorough analysis of our competitors. Our competitors are Airbnb, Vrbo, Trivago, and Expedia Travel. It examines the positives and negatives of our competitors in terms of their products, services, marketing, and customer experience. A competitive audit helps to identify the space and opportunities within the market, highlighting areas where a business may hold a distinct advantage or hard competition.

Stakeholder Interviews

Bungalow-go was a class project, so we did not have a stakeholders, however we used a stakeholders question (Assumption Statements) to get a sense of what a stakeholders will ask.

Our Assumptions Statements:
- Young adults (18 to 25 years of age) who like to travel.
- The product would be used prior to travel, in order to plan a vacation/trip.
- The product should be clean and minimalistic in appearance. It should also be easy to navigate.
- The product will be utilized on a desktop or laptop computer. (See #2 for when it’s used).
- The product solves the issues of consumer safety and the validity of listings.
- A user will get a “home away from home” feeling and the comfort of being safe in a rental.
- Additional Benefits: Less filtering what type of space they what on the website (we only allow houses and hostels).
- We will acquire the majority of customers through advertisements on social media and T.V/streaming services.
- Some may also be acquired through “word of mouth” from past customers.
- We will make money from a percentage commission from owners of listings and from the customers who pay for a rental.
- Primary Competitors: Airbnb, Vrbo, Trivago, and Expedia Travel.
- We will beat them through the high safety standards to verify a listing and the owners of listings.
- We will solve this through research and conducting a competitive audit.
- We will know we are successful when we see an increase of customers and a decrease in sales from our primary competitors.
- If consumers do not care for safety standards and protect against scams, then this may cause our business to fail.

User Interviews

User interviews are a qualitative research method used to gather insights and feedback from users about a product or service. In our interviews, we ask open-ended questions so that our users can express their thoughts and experiences freely. The data that we collected from our user interviews were able to use to improve our user design, development our product, and refine our strategies. Our user interviews were conducted in-person and remotely and were useful in the early and end stages of our product development. For our users interview we use Discord, and Zoom. and We interviewed three people.

User Interviews Affinity Maps:

Modeling

During the modeling phase, we generated two personas based on the findings from our interviews, and then we began working on our users' tasks, activities, and goals. The personas are based on our study and data collected during our research process; So that we could better understand the needs and behaviors of the users.

MEET OUR PERSONAS

Primary Persona: Adunni Ajayi

Adunni is a senior in college living in Atlanta, GA. Her and her family are from Nigeria. Becasue of this, she travels internationally very frequently. Adunni has plenty of experience exploring cities during layovers within her travel excursions. She travels often with family and friends. During college breaks, her and her friends pick a location that they all want to travel to. Since Adunni travels in groups most of the time, she utilizes applications such as Aribnb or Vrbo to book short-term rental homes.

End Goals: “Wants to be able to. . .”

● Be able to book a rental independently
● Have their own space that feels “just like home”
● Affordable rental rates and discount options
● Have a safe and reliable rental

Life Goal: “Wants to be. . .”

● Wants to be able to travel for leisure comfortably and not “break the bank”

Experience Goal: “Wants to feel. . .”

● Safe, Satisfied and Self-sufficient

Secondary Persona: Elisha Evans

Elisha is a recent college graduate from New York City, NY. He is currently a production assistant working at Microsoft. After graduating college and moving out on his own, Elisha adopted a dog and began traveling around the world. He usually books with hotels for the sake of convenience and ease of accessibility. However, Elisha will book with Airbnb or Vrbo (short-term rental) services if the listers are trustworthy and a deposit is able to be placed.

End Goals: “Wants to be able to. . .”

● Be able to book a rental that allows pets
● Have their own space that is secure & clean
● Be able to place a deposit and pay remaining amount on arrival
● Rely on trustworthy listing (scam prevention)

Life Goal: “Wants to be. . .”

● Wants to be able to travel with pets in safe and easily available rental options

Experience Goal: “Wants to feel. . .”

● Safe, Secure and Protected

Requirements

In the requirements phase, we pay attention to our persona behavioral specifics of each scenario and the connection between our model. Our design are basic on the behavioral specifics of our personas and goal. Context scenarios are use to investigate how the product may meet the demands of personas at a high level, where we tell stories about ideal user experiences, from those stories we hope to extract design requirements.

Vision Statement:

The new design of Bungalow-Go will help users book a safe rental independently at an affordable price, by allowing them to do rental booking transactions with greater safety and efficiency, without problems with scam listings, untrustworthy listers, and poor quality service that they currently experience. This will dramatically improve Bungalow-Go’s customer satisfaction ratings and lead to increased profits.

Personas Context Scenario
Primary Persona - Adunni Ajayi

Adunni will likely utilize our product while in her dorm or at a college friend’s house. She will be using our product for an extended amount of time because planning for a trip usually takes longer for her. Adunni will likely be frequently interrupted if she is planning with other people, such as her friends, if planning with those people together in one space. She will be the only person using the product if she is booking the rental on a computer or laptop. There are no other products that need to be used for our website. Adunni will need to have her finances covered, plans with friends confirmed, vacation dates confirmed (whether for school breaks or during the semester), research on the location of the rental, and have made the trip itinerary. The end result for her would to have booked a safe and comfortable rental. Based on Adunni being a 21 year old Gen Z woman, a lot of complexity will be allowed in our product.

Secondary Persona - Elisha Evans

Elisha will use our product at home or at a public space such as a coffee shop. He will use our product for an extended amount of time because planning for a trip when he wants to bring his dogs usually takes long for him. Elisha will likely not be interrupted frequently. He will be the only person utilizing the device while using our product. There are no other products that Elisha will need in order to use our website. Elisha will need to have his finances are covered, vacation time from work approved, research for the location of the rental, made sure pets are able to go on vacation with him, and researched the hosts of potential bookings to check reliability and trustworthiness. The end result for him would be booking a reliable rental that allows pets by placing a deposit before arrival. Because Elisha is a Millennial aged young man, a lot of complexity is allowed with our product.

Requirements List
Requirements for Primary Persona

● Wants to be able to apply discounts and see other coupons
● Wants to be able to keep track of points (if rewards system)
● Wants to be able to apply discounts and see other coupons
● Wants to be able to see budget friendly options
● Needs to be able to see all payment options (payment over time vs. all at once)
● Needs to be able to quickly see if there is an age requirement for the rental
● Rewards/Discounts Page (keep track of points)
● Needs to be able to quickly and easily share rental listing with others

Requirements for Secondary Persona

● Wants to view the rental via picture or a virtual room tour
● Needs to be able to place a deposit for the rental
● Needs to quickly see if rental is pet friendly or not

Requirements for Both Persona

● Booking a rental through a checkout page
● Needs to make a profile/account
● Checkout page
● Home page
● Map search for ease of finding a location
● Needs to be able to save/favorite rentals
● Needs to be able to change the language/currency of the website
● Needs to be able to see nearby attractions
● Needs to be able to see reviews and post ratings and reviews
● Needs to be able to see different type of rentals
● Needs to be able to see all available dates for all properties
● Needs to be able to see all terms and conditions
● Needs to be able to personalize profile
● Confirmation Page (to confirm the rental has been booked)
● Needs to be able to view the reviews of the host/lister

Brainstorming Features/Functions

We completed our personas, context scenarios, and requirements list. Then, we got together and brainstormed ideas for our features and functionalities so that we could present our users with a user-friendly interface that is simple and straightforward.

After we finished brainstorming ideas, we moved on to the framework to begin wireframing.

Frameworks

In our framework phase, we define the behavior and visual design as well as the general idea. In addition, we created a wireframe of how our product would look. Our framework is based on our Research, Modeling, and Requirements phase, which helps us determine our users' needs and behaviors. We were able to meet our users' goals and tasks effectively and promptly since our wireframes acted as a guide for the design of our product's interface and functionality.

Wireframe

Refinement

The refinement phase involves our team continuously refining and iterating designs based on our user interview testing and feedback; with the help of our Low Fidelity Prototype or it helped us refine our High Fidelity Prototype, we were able to do refinement. Our goal for this phase was to create a design that meets our user's interview needs, objectives, goals, and expectations.

Low Fidelity Prototype

Our low-fidelity prototype was just a quick rough draft mockup of how we wanted our product design to look. We used our low-fidelity prototype to do usability testing so that we can change design ideas and concepts before beginning our high-fidelity prototype and our final product. Our focus for our low-fidelity prototype was to quickly identify any major issues or usability problems that our user Interviews had. Which allowed us to refine and improve our design before moving forward with our prototype.

Low Fidelity Prototype Usability Test:
High Fidelity Prototype

Our high-fidelity prototype was a detailed and interactive mockup of our product that closely resembles our final prototype. Our High fidelity prototypes were important in our design process because it helped us to make improvements and crucial decisions.

The Final Prototype

Our final prototype is a combination of all Goal-Directed Design (GDD) phases that have been thoroughly tested and refined.

Conclusion

At the end of this project, I had the opportunity to revisit my first project where I utilized the Goal-Directed Design (GDD) method. This experience allowed me to refresh my knowledge of GDD. Creating a desktop interface for the first time was an enjoyable learning experience. I enjoyed collaborating with my team throughout the project and it allowed me to further develop my skills.